MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FRUITS OF COCONUT VARIETIES (Cocos nucifera L.) ADAPTED TO THE PERUVIAN AMAZON
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Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), a perennial palm tree of the Arecaceae family, is crucial for the supply of oil and food. The aim of this research was to morphologically characterize four coconut varieties in the District of Pucacaca. The sample consisted of four coconut varieties (giant, yellow dwarf, hybrid, and improved). A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with four treatments, four blocks, 10 replicates, and 160 experimental units. Weight and diameter were determined; ANOVA and Tukey’s test were applied to identify significant differences between varieties, with a statistical significance level of p <0.05. The giant coconut variety stands out for its greater weight (579.8 g), with equatorial and polar diameters of 10.26 cm and 11.42 cm, respectively; although the improved variety is lighter (488.8 g), it stands out for its consistency in size. The giant coconut offers more copra and endosperm, and its thick shell suggests greater mechanical strength; it is ideal for industrial applications, coconut oil, and coconut water. The hybrid variety balances quantity and quality, suitable for snacks and coconut flour. The improved variety is consistent and is used for homogeneous products and textiles. Morphological analysis of the Pucacaca coconut varieties shows notable differences, which allows for improved utilization of their productive potential and promotes sustainable economic development in the province of Picota.
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